The Mount Vesuvius is volcano in the Gulf of Naples, it is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian. Mount Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure of the Mount Somma.

Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, and several other Oplonti - Stabie. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km. the only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Plinio the Younger.

Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Today, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcano in the world because the population of Naples is about 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive..